Pipe Grades

• Warning 1: Use caution when changing the Fu and Fy values assigned to particular grades. The Fu and Fy values assigned to steel are the correct ultimate strength and yield strength values for those grades. Changing Fu and Fy values affects connection design .

• Warning 2: When you change a grade definition, all materials that used the previous definition automatically adopt the new grade. Because grades are linked to materials by their index, switching the 3rd and 4th grades in the table will also swap the grades of all existing materials that use them.

Available Settings by Design Method

Screen	Columns	When Shown
ASD/LRFD/CISC	Grade Type, Grade, Production Standard, Nonstandard Notation, Fy, Fu, Ry, Rt, n, Density	shown when an ASD, LRFD, or CISC Connection design method is selected.
AS4100	Grade Type, Grade, Nonstandard Notation, Fy, Fu, Minimum Thickness, Maximum Thickness, Density	shown when AS 4100 is the Connection design method.
Eurocode	Grade Type, Grade, Nonstandard Notation, Fy, Fu, Minimum Thickness, Maximum Thickness, Correlation Factor, Density	shown when EUROCODE3 or EUROCODE3 UK is the Connection design method.

Settings

Grade Type: Any text string (up to 29 characters) to denote the name of the grade type (e.g., Steel, Stainless, Aluminum).

Grade: Any text string (up to 29 characters) to denote the name of the grade (e.g., A36 , A401 , Peter , Joe , whatever name you want). Grades entered here are selectable ( ) in Modeling wherever a HSS Round (Pipe) section is entered as the Section size. You can, for instance, select these grades on the Beam Edit, Column Edit, Vertical Brace and Rolled Section Material windows.

Production Standard (ASD/LRFD/CISC) : The name of any production standard that has been set up in Job Setup > Material Grades > HSS / TS Production Standards . When the grade from this screen (Pipe Grades) is applied in Modeling to a specific HSS Round (Pipe) section (selected from the local shape file), the Production Standard associated with the user-selected grade sets the Design Thickness of the HSS Round (Pipe) section.

A special case: The Design Thickness Ratio from the HSS / TS Production Standards screen will be used to calculate specific Structural Properties that are used by connection design.

Nonstandard Notation: Any text string (up to 29 characters) to denote that a particular grade is not the standard grade.

For member main material: This Nonstandard Notation string may be made to appear as a part of the section size of a member whose main material is HSS Round (Pipe) steel. In a Modeling erection view, the notation appears when Section sizes are shown and the Denote non-standard material setup option is turned on. To get the annotation on an erection view drawing, you need to check the box for Denote non-standard material when you auto detail the erection view. Example 1: Enter * as the Nonstandard Notation for all lines but the first line if you wanted section sizes for HSS Round (Pipe) member main materials with nonstandard grades to be marked with a * . Example 2: Enter (A588) for A588 steel if you want (A588) to be displayed in the model next to the member's section size when A588 is selected ( ) as the member's Grade.

For submaterials: A callout is generated next to that material's submaterial piecemark callout on the member detail when Home > Project Settings > Fabricator > Piecemarking > Member and Material Piecemarking > Submaterial > Show non-std grade notation with piecemarks on member details is checked. The callout will consist of the grade if you do not enter a Nonstandard Notation. If, on the other hand, a Nonstandard Notation has been entered, that notation would be called out instead of the grade. For example, you might enter Non Std as a Notation.

Minimum Thickness & Maximum Thickness (AS4100 and Eurocode) : These columns let you assign Fy (yield strength) and Fu (ultimate strength) values to a grade based on the wall thickness of the HSS round (Pipe) material.

Fy: The yield strength of the grade. If you are using imperial dimensioning, yield strength is measured in kips/sq. inch (ksi). If you are using metric dimensioning, yield strength is in megapascals (MPa). The value you enter for Fy is used in connection design.

Fu: The ultimate strength of the grade. If you are using imperial dimensioning, ultimate strength is measured in kips/sq. inch (ksi). If you are using metric dimensioning, ultimate strength is in megapascals (MPa). The value you enter for Fu is used in connection design.

Ry (ASD/LRFD) : The ratio (no units) of expected yield stress to the specified minimum yield stress, Fy. See section I-6 of the AISC Seismic Design Manual . This overstrength factor is used during connection design for calculations related to member strength when the user has specified a Seismic brace (vertical brace). The default values used for Ry come from Table I -6 -1 of the AISC Seismic Design Manual . Ry is used only when the governing load (Tension load or Compression load) is Auto. Ry and Rt are not used for user-entered loads.

Rt (ASD/LRFD) : The ratio (no units) of the expected tensile strength to the specified minimum tensile strength, Fu, as related to overstrength in material yield stress Ry. See section I-6 of the AISC Seismic Design Manual . This overstrength factor is used during connection design when the user has specified a Seismic brace. The default values used for Rt come from Table I -6 -1 of the AISC Seismic Design Manual . Rt is used only when the governing load (Tension load or Compression load) is Auto . Ry and Rt are not used for user-entered loads.

n (ASD/LRFD/CISC) : A factor (no units) used to evaluate flexural buckling of HSS columns. See clause 13.3.1 of the CISC Handbook of Steel Construction.

Density: The density value of the grade. If you are using imperial dimensioning, density is measured in lb/ft³. If you are using metric dimensioning, density is measured in kg/m³. The value you enter for density is used to calculate material weight.

Correlation Factor (Eurocode) : The appropriate correlation factor (ß _w) taken from Table 4.1 in BS EN 1993-1-8: 2005, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures. The factor is used in calculations for fillet welds.

The position of these form buttons on the screen tells you what settings they apply to. Click here for more information. You can Copy the settings on this screen, then Paste those settings to a different screen of the same type. You can Save the settings on this screen to a global folder that is used by your current version of SDS2. Give the file a name that will help other users identify its purpose. You can Load a saved file to replace the settings on this screen with the settings that are stored in the file you select. When editing multiple screens at the same time, Paste and Load replace mixed entries to a single field with a single entry. Copy and Save ignore fields with mixed entries, treating them as if they have no entry or do not exist.

OK (or the Enter key) closes this screen and applies the settings.

Cancel (or the Esc key) closes this screen without saving any changes.

Reset undoes all changes made to this screen since you first opened it. The screen remains open.